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Asked why he needed two in one city, Wood said it was to reduce the risk of choosing a wrong location or store manager. The real payoff will happen when the organization as a whole shifts to a test-and-learn mind-set. Managers now have the tools to conduct small-scale tests and gain real insight. Measures of page views and bid counts suggest that the redesign was very successful. Tests are most reliable where many roughly equivalent settings can be observed. This might mean physical sites, as with Sears’s stores, or it might mean more ephemeral settings, such as alternative website versions. Among the earliest and most extensive users of testing are retail and restaurant chains. Because so much is held constant among their multitudinous sites, it is easy to designate which ones will serve as experiments and which will serve as controls and to attribute cause to effect. By the same token, workplace design changes are most readily tested in companies that have offices in many cities....